The gas pressure transducers are used in various industries. Therefore, the design and technology behind the pressure transducer varies on the basis of industry wherein it is being used. The higher the cost, the more the pressure transducer will show performance and production. For example, the range of measurements and the temperature, and the type of elements being used are the basis for classification of the pressure.
The pressure sensors can be classified into five different categories - absolute, gauge, differential, sealed, and vacuum. The pressure sensors are used for analyzing the collected data or to make an action occur with changing pressure.
The differential gas pressure transducers are generally used for volumetric flow amount in tubes and pipes. Example includes measuring respiration flow in medical devices. To determine the volumetric flow, the differential gas pressure transducer needs to be connected to the main flow channel, via tubes for example. Many a times, additional filters are also used in the bypass channel to keep the sensor from humidity, dust, and bacterial contamination.
However, any pneumatic element occurring between the bypass and the main flow channel represents an additional flow resistance thus leading to a drop in the pressure. Thus the pressure sensor will measure the differential pressure which is lesser than the one produced by the flow restricting element in the main channel. A higher flow impedance of the connecting tubes and extra filters compared to the transducer, the more prevailing is the outcome. Thus, the traditional flow based differential pressure transducers are recommended with a maximum possible tube length to the sensor.
In various medical devices like spirometers, respirators, sleep diagnostic equipment, and oxygen conservers, the differential pressure sensors perform the function of controlling the patients' breathing. As the respiratory flow carries significant amount humidity and is also generally warmer than the environment, this can be a reason for condensation to occur inside the device. The water droplets might condense on the tubing walls of the transducer thus leading to incorrect transducer output signal as well as a loss of the transducer collaboration. In worst circumstances, the flow channels might be blocked completely thus leading to a total failure of the transducer.
Therefore, while selecting a differential gas pressure transducer, it becomes essentially important for the transducer to be highly humidity resistant. Because of the high pneumatic impedance, the air or gas flow through the transducer and its linking tubes is very small. This implies that the total amount of humid air streaming through the bypass channel as a volumetric flow measurement, and can also condense potentially, is mitigated into an absolute minimum contrasting the traditional flow based differential gas pressure transducers thus ensuring accurate measurements and a long life for the transducer.
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